Nail discoloration is a change in the color or appearance of the nails, which various factors, including infections, injuries, medical conditions, or lifestyle factors, may cause. Discoloration can appear as yellow, green, white, or black spots or stripes and may be accompanied by other symptoms like pain, swelling, or nail thickening. The treatment formulated on the medical condition which causes discoloration. This may include lifestyle changes, medication, or professional medical care.
| Causes | Fungal infection, Bacterial infection, trauma |
|---|---|
| Remedies | Baking soda, lemon juice, tee tree oil |
| Preventive Options | Mainting hygiene Protective footwear, Healthy diet |
| Treatment Options | Ciclopirox, Betamethasone dipropionate, Tacrolimus |
| Specialist | Dermatologist |
Nail discoloration refers to a change in the color or appearance of the fingernails or toenails. Various factors, including fungal infections, bacterial infections, trauma, exposure to chemicals or dyes, or underlying medical conditions such as psoriasis or peripheral arterial disease, can cause it. Nail discoloration can present as yellow, brown, white, or black spots or streaks on the nails and may be accompanied by thickening, crumbling, or separation of the nail. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause but may include topical or oral medications for fungal or bacterial infections, lifestyle changes to reduce irritant exposure or surgery to remove the affected nail in severe cases. Preventive measures include practicing good hand and foot hygiene and wearing protective footwear in communal areas.
Nail discoloration is a condition in which the nails change color, becoming yellow, green, brown, or black. Here are some other symptoms that may be associated with nail discoloration are given in the following.
Nail discoloration can occur due to various reasons such as fungal infection, trauma, certain medical conditions, or use of certain medications. Here are some types of nail discoloration
This can be caused by a fungal infection, psoriasis, or use of nail polish.
This can be caused by a fungal infection, trauma, or melanoma.
This can be caused by a bacterial infection, typically Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
This can be caused by trauma or melanoma.
This can be caused by a fungal infection or use of certain medications such as chemotherapy drugs.
in the nail bed This can be caused by a splinter hemorrhage, which occurs when blood vessels under the nail bed are damaged.
This can be caused by poor circulation or cyanosis, a condition where there is a lack of oxygen in the blood.
Nail discoloration can be a sign of various medical conditions, ranging from mild to severe. Discoloration of nails can occur due to underlying medical conditions or due to external factors like injury or exposure to chemicals. Here, we'll discuss some medical conditions that can cause nail discoloration.
Fungal nail infection is a common cause of nail discoloration. The nail may turn yellow, brown, or white, and it can become thick and brittle. The fungus thrives in warm and moist environments, making it common in people who wear closed-toe shoes for extended periods or have poor foot hygiene.
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that can also affect the nails. Nail psoriasis can cause discoloration, pitting, and thickening of the nail plate. In some cases, the nail can even detach from the nail bed.
Raynaud's disease is a condition in which the blood vessels in the fingers and toes constrict, causing them to turn blue or white. Over time, this can cause the nails to become discolored, turning blue or brown.
Liver disease can cause various changes in the nails, including discoloration, clubbing, and the appearance of white bands across the nails. The discoloration is usually yellow or green and can be a sign of advanced liver disease.
Lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, can cause nail discoloration. In particular, COPD can cause the nails to become blue or purple, a condition known as cyanosis.
Iron deficiency anemia is a condition in which the body lacks sufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in the blood. As a result, the nails can become thin, brittle, and spoon-shaped. The nails may also turn pale or white in color.
The diagnostic examination for nail discoloration will vary depending on the suspected cause. Some possible diagnostic examinations for different types of nail discoloration are given in the following.
Nail discoloration can be a symptom of various medical conditions, and the treatment approach depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to treat the underlying condition and improve the appearance of the nails. Here are five drugs commonly used in the treatment of nail discoloration
Ciclopirox is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal nail infections that can cause nail discoloration. It is applied topically to the affected nails and works by preventing the growth of the fungus. The medication may take several months to clear the infection and improve the appearance of the nails.
Betamethasone dipropionate is a topical steroid used to treat nail psoriasis, which can cause nail discoloration. It works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. The medication is applied directly to the nails, and improvement may be seen within a few weeks of treatment.
Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive medication used to treat nail psoriasis. It works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. The medication is applied topically to the affected nails, and improvement may be seen within a few weeks of treatment.
NAC is an antioxidant medication used to treat nail discoloration caused by chemotherapy. It works by reducing oxidative stress and preventing damage to the nails. The medication is taken orally, and improvement in the appearance of the nails may be seen within a few weeks of treatment.
Iron supplements are used to treat nail discoloration caused by iron deficiency anemia. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in the blood. Iron supplements may be taken orally, and improvement in the appearance of the nails may be seen within a few weeks of treatment.
A nail biopsy involves removing a small piece of nail tissue for examination under a microscope. It may be recommended if the nail discoloration is due to an underlying medical condition that cannot be diagnosed through other means, such as a fungal infection. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia, and the nail will regrow over time.
Nail removal may be recommended in cases of severe nail discoloration or damage. The procedure involves removing the affected nail, either partially or completely, to allow a new nail to grow in its place. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia, and recovery time may vary depending on the extent of the nail removal.
Baking soda is a natural exfoliant that can help remove stains from the nails. Mix one tablespoon of baking soda with one tablespoon of water to make a paste. Apply the paste to the discolored nails and scrub gently with a soft-bristled brush. Rinse the nails with warm water and repeat once a week.
Lemon juice is a natural bleaching agent that can help reduce the appearance of nail discoloration. Squeeze the juice of one lemon into a bowl and soak the discolored nails in the juice for 10-15 minutes. Rinse the nails with warm water and repeat once a week.
Tea tree oil is an antifungal and antibacterial agent that can help treat nail discoloration caused by fungal infections. Apply a few drops of tea tree oil to the affected nails and massage gently. Repeat twice a day for several weeks.
Apple cider vinegar is a natural acidic solution that can help remove stains from the nails. Mix equal parts of apple cider vinegar and water in a bowl and soak the discolored nails in the solution for 10-15 minutes. Rinse the nails with warm water and repeat once a week.
Nail discoloration can be caused by various factors such as infections, medical conditions, trauma, and exposure to certain chemicals. While some causes of nail discoloration may be beyond our control, there are several ways to prevent nail discoloration from occurring. Here, we will discuss some effective ways of preventing nail discoloration.
Keeping nails clean and dry can help prevent nail discoloration caused by fungal infections. It is important to wash your hands regularly, especially after touching objects or surfaces that may harbor fungal spores. Avoid sharing nail clippers, files, or other personal grooming tools with others, as this can increase the risk of fungal infections.
Trauma to the nails can cause discoloration or damage, so it is important to protect nails from injury. Wear gloves while performing household chores that involve chemicals or rough surfaces. Avoid biting your nails or picking at the cuticles, as this can damage the nails and increase the risk of infection.
A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals can help maintain healthy nails. Iron, biotin, zinc, and vitamin E are particularly important for nail health. Include foods such as spinach, eggs, nuts, and fish in your diet to promote nail health.
Exposure to harsh chemicals can cause nail discoloration or damage. When using cleaning products or other chemicals, wear gloves to protect your nails. Avoid using acetone-based nail polish removers, as these can dry out and discolor the nails. Instead, use a non-acetone remover or natural alternatives such as vinegar or lemon juice.
Some medical conditions such as psoriasis or anemia can cause nail discoloration. It is important to seek treatment for these conditions to prevent further damage to the nails. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions for proper treatment and management of these conditions.
Nail discoloration can occur for various reasons, including injury, fungal infection, or underlying medical conditions. You should see a doctor if you have all these symptoms.
A doctor can help determine the underlying cause of your nail discoloration and recommend appropriate treatment options, such as antifungal medication, antibiotics, or surgery. Additionally, they can advise you on ways to prevent future nail problems and maintain healthy nails. In some cases, they may also recommend diagnostic tests such as a nail culture or biopsy to help diagnose the underlying cause of the discoloration.
If you have nail discoloration and are concerned about your health, it is important to seek immediate medical attention from a qualified nail discoloration doctor. A doctor specializing in treating nail discoloration, such as a Dermatologist, would be the right health professional to consult.
Here is a list of Top verified doctors for nail discoloration. You can book an appointment with one to start your nail discoloration treatment today.
Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, Delhi NCR
Rs. 1,500 Consult Fees
Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai
Rs. 2,500 Consult Fees
A hospital can provide various services to help diagnose and treat your nail discoloration. If you are experiencing nail discoloration In that case, it is important to visit a nail discoloration hospital for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
Check a list of Top Hospitals for nail discoloration treatment.
Multi Speciality Hospital
Established in 1918
🛌345 Beds
5+ Doctors 
Multi Speciality Hospital
Established in 1940
🛌220 Beds
5+ Doctors 
Super Speciality Hospital
Established in 1950
🛌350 Beds
5+ Doctors Frequently asked questions and answers about nail discoloration.
What does discoloration in nails mean?
Discoloration in nails can indicate various underlying health conditions, such as nutritional deficiencies or fungal infections.
What causes sudden nail discoloration?
Sudden nail discoloration may occur due to trauma, medication side effects, or an underlying medical condition.
How can I treat nail discoloration at home?
Home remedies for treating nail discoloration include using lemon juice or vinegar soaks, applying tea tree oil or lavender oil, and maintaining good nail hygiene.
Credihealth is an online healthcare portal for all your hospital appointments, diagnostic test bookings, ordering medications, or homecare services. If you have any inquiries, our in-house medical experts can help solve them and guide you to the best specialist in the India.